Heatstroke in Small Animal Medicine a Clinical Practice Review
Editorial
Reviews
Sensing of Airborne Infochemicals for Green Pest Direction: What Is the Challenge?
- Petra Ivaskovic ,
- Bedr'Eddine Ainseba ,
- Yohann Nicolas ,
- Thierry Toupance ,
- Pascal Tardy , and
- Denis Thiéry*
ACS Sensors 2021 , half dozen , xi , 3824-3840 (Review)
Publication Appointment (Web) : October 27, 2021
- Abstract
- Full text
ABSTRACT
I of the biggest global challenges for our societies is to provide natural resources to the chop-chop expanding population while maintaining sustainable and ecologically friendly products. The increasing public concern about toxic insecticides has resulted in the rapid development of alternative techniques based on natural infochemicals (ICs). ICs (eastward.g., pheromones, allelochemicals, volatile organic compounds) are secondary metabolites produced by plants and animals and used as information vectors governing their interactions. Such chemical language is the primary focus of chemical environmental, where behavior-modifying chemicals are used as tools for greenish pest direction. The success of ecological programs highly depends on several factors, including the corporeality of ICs that enclose the crop, the range of their improvidence, and the uniformity of their application, which makes precise detection and quantification of ICs essential for efficient and profitable pest command. However, the sensing of such molecules remains challenging, and the number of devices able to observe ICs in air is and then far express. In this review, we volition present the advances in sensing of ICs including biochemical sensors mimicking the olfactory system, chemical sensors, and sensor arrays (e-noses). We will also present several mathematical models used in integrated pest management to describe how ICs diffuse in the ambient air and how the structure of the olfactory property plume affects the pest dynamics.
Graphene Biodevices for Early Affliction Diagnosis Based on Biomarker Detection
- Qingfang Han ,
- Jinbo Pang* ,
- Yufen Li ,
- Baojun Dominicus ,
- Bergoi Ibarlucea ,
- Xiaoyan Liu ,
- Thomas Gemming ,
- Qilin Cheng ,
- Shu Zhang ,
- Hong Liu* ,
- Jingang Wang ,
- Weijia Zhou ,
- Gianaurelio Cuniberti* , and
- Mark H. Rümmeli*
ACS Sensors 2021 , half-dozen , 11 , 3841-3881 (Review)
Publication Date (Web) : Oct 25, 2021
- Abstract
- Full text
Abstract
The early diagnosis of diseases plays a vital role in healthcare and the extension of human life. Graphene-based biosensors accept boosted the early on diagnosis of diseases by detecting and monitoring related biomarkers, providing a better understanding of various physiological and pathological processes. They have generated tremendous interest, made significant advances, and offered promising application prospects. In this newspaper, we hash out the groundwork of graphene and biosensors, including the properties and functionalization of graphene and biosensors. 2nd, the significant technologies adopted by biosensors are discussed, such as field-effect transistors and electrochemical and optical methods. Subsequently, we highlight biosensors for detecting various biomarkers, including ions, modest molecules, macromolecules, viruses, leaner, and living human cells. Finally, the opportunities and challenges of graphene-based biosensors and related broad research interests are discussed.
Recent Applications of Pillar[due north]arene-Based Host–Guest Recognition in Chemosensing and Imaging
- Yutong Li ,
- Jia Wen* ,
- Jiangshan Li ,
- Zejia Wu ,
- Wei Li* , and
- Kui Yang*
ACS Sensors 2021 , vi , xi , 3882-3897 (Review)
Publication Appointment (Spider web) : October 19, 2021
- Abstract
- Total text
ABSTRACT
Pillar[n]arene is a novel kind of synthetic supramolecular macrocyclic host characterized by its particular pillar-shaped structure consisting of an electron-rich cavity and 2 finely adaptable rims. Benefiting from its rigid structure, facile synthesis, ease of functionalization, and outstanding host–guest chemical science, pillar[n]arene shows groovy potential for various applications. Significantly, the host–guest recognition of pillar[north]arene provides a novel approach for chemosensing and imaging. Herein, this Review critically and comprehensively reviews the applications of colonnade[northward]arene-based host–guest recognition in chemosensing and imaging. The sensing and imaging mechanisms besides as the unique roles and advantages of colonnade[n]arene-based host–guest recognition are summarized. In addition, preparations of hybrid materials based on pillar[n]arene and inorganic materials are also introduced comprehensively in the calorie-free of chemosensing and imaging. Finally, electric current challenges and perspectives on colonnade[northward]arene-based host–guest recognition in chemosensing and imaging are outlined.
The Future in Sensing Technologies for Malaria Surveillance: A Review of Hemozoin-Based Diagnosis
- Vitória Baptista ,
- Mariana S. Costa ,
- Carla Calçada ,
- Miguel Silva ,
- José Pedro Gil ,
- Maria Isabel Veiga , and
- Susana O. Catarino*
ACS Sensors 2021 , half dozen , xi , 3898-3911 (Review)
Publication Appointment (Web) : Nov iv, 2021
- Abstract
- Full text
Abstruse
Early and effective malaria diagnosis is vital to control the disease spread and to preclude the emergence of astringent cases and decease. Currently, malaria diagnosis relies on optical microscopy and immuno-rapid tests; nevertheless, these require a drop of blood, are time-consuming, or are not specific and sensitive enough for reliable detection of depression-level parasitaemia. Thus, there is an urge for simpler, prompt, and accurate alternative diagnostic methods. Particularly, hemozoin has been increasingly recognized as an attractive biomarker for malaria detection. As the disease proliferates, parasites assimilate host hemoglobin, in the process releasing toxic haem that is detoxified into an insoluble crystal, the hemozoin, which accumulates along with infection progression. Given its magnetic, optical, and acoustic unique features, hemozoin has been explored for new label-free diagnostic methods. Thereby, herein, we review the hemozoin-based malaria detection methods and critically discuss their challenges and potential for the development of an ideal diagnostic device.
Toward Sensitive and Reliable Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Imaging: From Rational Blueprint to Biomedical Applications
- Shanshan Lin ,
- Ziyi Cheng ,
- Qifu Li* ,
- Rui Wang* , and
- Fabiao Yu*
ACS Sensors 2021 , 6 , eleven , 3912-3932 (Review)
Publication Date (Web) : Nov 2, 2021
- Abstruse
- Full text
Abstruse
Early specific detection through indicative biomarkers and precise visualization of lesion sites are urgent requirements for clinical disease diagnosis. However, current detection and optical imaging methods are bereft for these demands. Molecular imaging technologies are being intensely studied for reliable medical diagnosis. In the past several decades, molecular imaging with surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has significant advances from belittling chemical science to medical science. SERS is the inelastic scattering generated from the interaction between photons and substances, presenting molecular structure information. The outstanding SERS virtues of loftier sensitivity, high specificity, and resistance to biointerference are highly advantageous for biomarker detection in a circuitous biological matrix. In this work, we review contempo progress on the applications of SERS imaging in clinical diagnostics. With the assistance of SERS imaging, the detection of disease-related proteins, nucleic acids, small-scale molecules, and pH of the cellular microenvironment can be implemented for adjuvant medical diagnosis. Moreover, multimodal imaging integrates the loftier penetration and high speed of other imaging modalities and imaging precision of SERS imaging, resulting in concluding complete and authentic imaging outcomes and exhibiting robust potential in the discrimination of pathological tissues and surgical navigation. As a promising molecular imaging technology, SERS imaging has accomplished remarkable performance in clinical diagnostics and the biomedical realm. It is expected that this review will provide insights for farther development of SERS imaging and promote the rapid progress and successful translation of advanced molecular imaging with clinical diagnostics.
Articles
Magnetoelastic Immunosensor via Antibody Immobilization for the Specific Detection of Lysozymes
- Xinru Huang ,
- Shengbo Sang ,
- Zhongyun Yuan* ,
- Qianqian Duan ,
- Xing Guo ,
- Hongpeng Zhang , and
- Chun Zhao*
ACS Sensors 2021 , half dozen , 11 , 3933-3939 (Commodity)
Publication Appointment (Web) : October 22, 2021
- Abstract
- Full text
ABSTRACT
Lysozymes in human urine accept crucial clinical significance as an indicator of renal tubular and glomerular diseases. Nigh lysozyme detection methods rely on the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), which is usually a dull procedure. Meanwhile, aptamer sensors and fluorescence-based techniques for lysozyme detection have emerged in recent studies. However, these methods are time-consuming and highly circuitous in functioning, and some even crave exorbitant reagents and instruments, which restricts existent-time clinical monitoring as diagnostic approaches. Therefore, a rapid and low-cost lysozyme detection method with facile training is still in demand for modern precision medicine. Herein, we propose a magnetoelastic (ME) immunosensor for lysozyme detection by detecting changes in resonance frequency under a magnetostrictive event. The detection system is composed of a magnetoelastic fleck with an immobilized lysozyme antibody, a solenoid gyre, and a vector network analyzer. Since the ME sensor is ultrasensitive to mass change, the frequency showtime caused by mass modify tin be utilized to detect the content of lysozyme. The immunosensor is evaluated to possess superior sensitivity of 138 Hz/μg mL–i in terms of the resonance frequency shift (RFS). In improver, our sensor displays an outstanding performance in specificity experiments and shows a relatively lower detection limit (ane.26 ng/mL) than other conventional lysozyme detection methods (such equally ELISA, chemiluminescence analysis, fluorescence, and aptamer biosensors).
tdLanYFP, a Yellow, Vivid, Photostable, and pH-Insensitive Fluorescent Protein for Live-Cell Imaging and Förster Resonance Energy Transfer-Based Sensing Strategies
- Yasmina Bousmah ,
- Hana Valenta ,
- Giulia Bertolin ,
- Utkarsh Singh ,
- Valérie Nicolas ,
- Hélène Pasquier ,
- Marc Tramier ,
- Fabienne Merola , and
- Marie Erard*
ACS Sensors 2021 , six , xi , 3940-3947 (Article)
Publication Date (Web) : Oct 22, 2021
- Abstract
- Full text
ABSTRACT
Yellow fluorescent proteins (YFPs) are widely used as optical reporters in Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based biosensors. Although not bad improvements accept been done, the sensitivity of the biosensors is notwithstanding express by the low photostability and the poor fluorescence performances of YFPs at acidic pH values. Hither, nosotros characterize the xanthous fluorescent protein tdLanYFP, derived from the tetrameric poly peptide from the cephalochordate Branchiostoma lanceolatum, LanYFP. With a quantum yield of 0.92 and an extinction coefficient of 133,000 mol–1·50·cm–one, it is, to our knowledge, the brightest dimeric fluorescent poly peptide bachelor. Contrasting with EYFP and its derivatives, tdLanYFP has a very high photostability in vitro and in live cells. As a consequence, tdLanYFP allows imaging of cellular structures with subdiffraction resolution using STED nanoscopy and is compatible with the use of spectromicroscopies in single-molecule regimes. Its very low pK1/two of 3.nine makes tdLanYFP an excellent tag even at acidic pH values. Finally, we show that tdLanYFP is a valuable FRET partner either as a donor or acceptor in different biosensing modalities. Altogether, these assets make tdLanYFP a very attractive yellow fluorescent protein for long-term or single-molecule live-cell imaging including FRET experiments at acidic pH.
Pentafluorosulfanyl (SF5) as a Superior 19F Magnetic Resonance Reporter Grouping: Indicate Detection and Biological Activity of Teriflunomide Derivatives
- Christian Prinz ,
- Ludger Starke ,
- Tizian-Frank Ramspoth ,
- Janis Kerkering ,
- Vera Martos Riaño ,
- Jérôme Paul ,
- Martin Neuenschwander ,
- Andreas Oder ,
- Silke Radetzki ,
- Siegfried Adelhoefer ,
- Paula Ramos Delgado ,
- Mariya Aravina ,
- Jason K. Millward ,
- Ariane Fillmer ,
- Friedemann Paul ,
- Volker Siffrin ,
- Jens-Peter von Kries ,
- Thoralf Niendorf ,
- Marc Nazaré , and
- Sonia Waiczies*
ACS Sensors 2021 , 6 , 11 , 3948-3956 (Article)
Publication Engagement (Web) : Oct xix, 2021
- Abstract
- Full text
Abstract
Fluorine (19F) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is severely limited by a depression signal-to noise ratio (SNR), and tapping information technology for 19F drug detection in vivo still poses a significant challenge. However, it bears the potential for characterization-gratuitous theranostic imaging. Recently, we detected the fluorinated dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) inhibitor teriflunomide (TF) noninvasively in an brute model of multiple sclerosis (MS) using 19F MR spectroscopy (MRS). In the nowadays report, we probed distinct modifications to the CF3 grouping of TF to improve its SNR. This revealed SF5 as a superior culling to the CF3 grouping. The value of the SF5 bioisostere equally a 19F MRI reporter grouping inside a biological or pharmacological context is by far underexplored. Here, we compared the biological and pharmacological activities of different TF derivatives and their 19F MR properties (chemical shift and relaxation times). The 19F MR SNR efficiency of three MRI methods revealed that SF5-substituted TF has the highest 19F MR SNR efficiency in combination with an ultrashort repeat-time (UTE) MRI method. Chemic modifications did not reduce pharmacological or biological activity equally shown in the in vitro dihydroorotate dehydrogenase enzyme and T jail cell proliferation assays. Instead, SF5-substituted TF showed an improved capacity to inhibit T cell proliferation, indicating better anti-inflammatory activity and its suitability every bit a viable bioisostere in this context. This study proposes SF5 every bit a novel superior 19F MR reporter group for the MS drug teriflunomide.
Development of a Rapid and Sensitive CasRx-Based Diagnostic Assay for SARS-CoV-2
- Daniel J. Brogan ,
- Duverney Chaverra-Rodriguez ,
- Calvin P. Lin ,
- Andrea L. Smidler ,
- Ting Yang ,
- Lenissa Yard. Alcantara ,
- Igor Antoshechkin ,
- Junru Liu ,
- Robyn R. Raban ,
- Pedro Belda-Ferre ,
- Rob Knight ,
- Elizabeth A. Komives , and
- Omar Southward. Akbari*
ACS Sensors 2021 , 6 , 11 , 3957-3966 (Article)
Publication Engagement (Web) : Oct 29, 2021
- Abstract
- Full text
ABSTRACT
The development of an all-encompassing toolkit for potential signal-of-care diagnostics that is expeditiously adaptable to new emerging pathogens is of critical public health importance. Recently, a number of novel CRISPR-based diagnostics have been adult to discover SARS-CoV-2. Herein, nosotros outline the development of an alternative CRISPR nucleic acrid diagnostic utilizing a Cas13d ribonuclease derived from Ruminococcus flavefaciens XPD3002 (CasRx) to observe SARS-CoV-2, an approach we term SENSR (sensitive enzymatic nucleic acid sequence reporter) that can detect attomolar concentrations of SARS-CoV-2. We demonstrate 100% sensitivity in patient-derived samples by lateral flow and fluorescence readout with a detection limit of 45 copy/μL. This technology expands the bachelor nucleic acrid diagnostic toolkit, which can exist adapted to combat time to come pandemics.
Co-Polarized [1-13C]Pyruvate and [i,3-13Ctwo]Acetoacetate Provide a Simultaneous View of Cytosolic and Mitochondrial Redox in a Single Experiment
- Gaurav Sharma ,
- Xiaodong Wen ,
- Nesmine R. Maptue ,
- Thomas Hever ,
- Craig R. Malloy ,
- A. Dean Sherry , and
- Chalermchai Khemtong*
ACS Sensors 2021 , half dozen , 11 , 3967-3977 (Article)
Publication Date (Web) : November 11, 2021
- Abstruse
- Full text
Abstruse
Cellular redox is intricately linked to energy product and normal cell function. Although the redox states of mitochondria and cytosol are connected by shuttle mechanisms, the redox state of mitochondria may differ from redox in the cytosol in response to stress. However, detecting these differences in performance tissues is difficult. Here, nosotros employed 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and co-polarized [ane-13C]pyruvate and [i,three-13C2]acetoacetate ([i,3-13C2]AcAc) to monitor production of hyperpolarized (HP) lactate and β-hydroxybutyrate every bit indicators of cytosolic and mitochondrial redox, respectively. Isolated rat hearts were examined under normoxic conditions, during low-flow ischemia, and afterward pretreatment with either aminooxyacetate (AOA) or rotenone. All interventions were associated with an increase in [Pi]/[ATP] measured past 31P NMR. In well-oxygenated untreated hearts, rapid conversion of HP [1-13C]pyruvate to [1-13C]lactate and [1,3-13C2]AcAc to [1,3-13C2]β-hydroxybutyrate ([one,3-13C2]β-HB) was readily detected. A significant increase in HP [1,3-13C2]β-HB but not [1-13C]lactate was observed in rotenone-treated and ischemic hearts, consequent with an increase in mitochondrial NADH but not cytosolic NADH. AOA treatments did not change the productions of HP [1-13C]lactate or [1,three-13C2]β-HB. This written report demonstrates that biomarkers of mitochondrial and cytosolic redox may be detected simultaneously in performance tissues using co-polarized [ane-13C]pyruvate and [1,3-13C2]AcAc and 13C MRS and that changes in mitochondrial redox may precede changes in cytosolic redox.
Terpyridine Zn(II) Complexes with Azide Units for Visualization of Histone Deacetylation in Living Cells under STED Nanoscopy
- Wei Du ,
- Dayi Pan ,
- Pan Xiang ,
- Chaoya Xiong ,
- Mingzhu Zhang ,
- Qiong Zhang ,
- Yupeng Tian ,
- Zhongping Zhang ,
- Bo Chen* ,
- Kui Luo ,
- Qiyong Gong , and
- Xiaohe Tian*
ACS Sensors 2021 , 6 , 11 , 3978-3984 (Commodity)
Publication Date (Web) : September 9, 2021
- Abstract
- Full text
ABSTRACT
Histones are the brine proteins in eukaryotic somatic chromatin cells which constitute the nucleosome structure together with Deoxyribonucleic acid. Their abnormality is oftentimes associated with multiple tumorigenesis and other human diseases. Even so, a simple and efficient super-resolution method to visualize histone distribution at the subcellular level is still unavailable. Herein, a Zn(II) terpyridine complex with rich-electronic azide units, namely, TpZnA–His, was designed and synthesized. The initial in vitro and in silico studies suggested that this circuitous is able to discover histones quickly and selectively via charge–charge interactions with the histone H3 subunit. Its live prison cell nuclear localization, scarlet-emission tail, and big Stokes shift allowed super-resolution evaluation of histone distributions with a articulate stardom confronting nuclear Deoxyribonucleic acid. We were able to quantitatively conclude three histone morphology alternations in live cells including condensation, aggregation, and cavity during activating histone acetylation. This work offers a better understanding besides as a versatile tool to study histone-involved cistron transcription, betoken transduction, and differentiation in cells.
Considerations of Thermodynamics and Kinetics for the Effects of Relative Humidity on the Electrolyte in Electrochemical Toxic Gas Sensors
- Michael L. Hitchman* and
- John R. Saffell
ACS Sensors 2021 , 6 , eleven , 3985-3993 (Commodity)
Publication Date (Web) : Oct 21, 2021
- Abstruse
- Full text
ABSTRACT
In this paper, the physical chemistry of the absorption and desorption of water vapor for electrochemical gas sensors with commonly used sulfuric acid every bit the electrolyte is investigated. Electrochemical gas sensors are beingness increasingly used for monitoring toxic gases in the environment, and they are, in principle, unproblematic devices, but in practice, their performance is complex. In particular, changes in atmospheric humidity and temperature can take significant effects on the sensor output. A model has been adult for the calculation of sensor weight changes as humidity varies, which are in good agreement with the assay of experimental results. This then allows for the calculation of the rather more important electrolyte book variations. Changes in acid molarity and physical characteristics of the electrolyte have also been adamant. The furnishings on working electrode (WE) electrocatalytic activity are discussed, and potential problems with sensors for environmental monitoring are highlighted. In detail, changes in the electroactive area of the We and, consequently, of the sensor output, and flooding of the Nosotros catalyst aggregates which tin pb to issues with electrolyte leakage from sensors are considered.
Immobilization of Recombinant Fluorescent Biosensors Permits Imaging of Extracellular Ion Signals
- Sandra Burgstaller ,
- Helmut Bischof ,
- Thomas Rauter ,
- Tony Schmidt ,
- Rainer Schindl ,
- Silke Patz ,
- Bernhard Groschup ,
- Severin Filser ,
- Lucas van den Blast ,
- Philipp Sasse ,
- Robert Lukowski ,
- Nikolaus Plesnila ,
- Wolfgang F. Graier , and
- Roland Malli*
ACS Sensors 2021 , 6 , 11 , 3994-4000 (Article)
Publication Date (Web) : November 9, 2021
- Abstract
- Full text
ABSTRACT
Given the importance of ion gradients and fluxes in biological science, monitoring ions locally at the outside of the plasma membrane of intact cells in a noninvasive manner is highly desirable just challenging. Classical targeting of genetically encoded biosensors at the exterior of cell surfaces would be a suitable approach; however, it often leads to intracellular accumulation of the tools in vesicular structures and adverse modifications, possibly impairing sensor functionality. To tackle these issues, nosotros generated recombinant fluorescent ion biosensors fused to traptavidin (TAv) specifically coupled to a biotinylated AviTag expressed on the outer cell surface of cells. We testify that purified chimeras of TAv and pH-Lemon or GEPII 1.0, Förster resonance energy transfer-based pH and Grand+ biosensors, can be immobilized direct and specifically on biotinylated surfaces including glass platelets and intact cells, thereby remaining fully functional for imaging of ion dynamics. The immobilization of recombinant TAv–GEPII one.0 on the extracellular cell surface of main cortical rat neurons allowed imaging of excitotoxic glutamate-induced K+ efflux in vitro. Nosotros also performed micropatterning of purified TAv biosensors using a microperfusion system to generate spatially separated TAv–pH-Lemon and TAv–GEPII 1.0 spots for simultaneous pH and Chiliad+ measurements on cell surfaces. Our results suggest that the approach tin exist profoundly expanded by immobilizing various biosensors on extracellular surfaces to quantitatively visualize microenvironmental send and signaling processes in different cell civilisation models and other experimental settings.
Fluorescent Sensor Array for Quantitative Decision of Saccharides
- Mariia Pushina ,
- Andrej Penavic ,
- Sepideh Farshbaf , and
- Pavel Anzenbacher Jr.*
ACS Sensors 2021 , half dozen , xi , 4001-4008 (Article)
Publication Date (Web) : October 20, 2021
- Abstract
- Total text
ABSTRACT
Authentic monitoring of sugar levels is essential for many fields from nutrient industry to human health. Hither, we developed FRET-based dual chromophore sensors for saccharides that form oxazolidine boronate and may be employed as a noninvasive method for monitoring of sugar levels in biological fluids, namely, urine. The saccharide-binding properties of the sensors were studied using fluorescence spectroscopy and utilized in the determination of saccharides in a high-throughput manner. Here, ii fluorescent sensors were successful in the classification of nine different monosaccharides and disaccharides with 100% correct classification. Furthermore, the dual chromophore self-assembled sensors were successfully utilized for the quantitative decision of important carbohydrates such as glucose in the presence of competitive saccharides (fructose) and in complex media (urine) without sample pretreatment. The present fluorescent sensors permit for quantification of glucose in a concentration range of 0–60 mM, which matches the concentration range of frequently used urinalysis exam strips.
Membrane-Activated Fluorescent Probe for High-Fidelity Imaging of Mitochondrial Membrane Potential
- Bo Lin ,
- Yunfan Liu ,
- Xiaoping Zhang ,
- Li Fan ,
- Yang Shu* , and
- Jianhua Wang*
ACS Sensors 2021 , vi , xi , 4009-4018 (Article)
Publication Engagement (Spider web) : November 10, 2021
- Abstract
- Full text
Abstract
Mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) is a key indicator of cell health or injury due to its vital roles in adenosine v′-triphosphate synthesis. Thus, monitoring ΔΨm is of great significance for the assessment of cell status, diagnosis of diseases, and medicament screening. Cationic fluorescent probes suffer from severe photobleaching or false positive signals due to the luminescence of the probe on non-mitochondria. Herein, we report a lipophilic cationic fluorescent probe [1-methyl-2-(four-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)styryl)-β-naphthothiazol-i-ium trifluoromethanesulfonate (TPE-NT)] with the features of aggregation-induced emission and intramolecular charge transfer for imaging ΔΨm in live cells. TPE-NT is enriched on the surface of the mitochondrial inner membrane due to the negative ΔΨm, and its fluorescence is activated in the high-viscosity microenvironment. The fake positive signals of emission from TPE-NT on not-mitochondria are therefore effectively eliminated. Moreover, TPE-NT exhibits a Stokes shift of >200 nm, virtually-infrared (∼675 nm) emission, excellent photostability, and depression cytotoxicity, which facilitate existent-fourth dimension imaging in alive cells. Cell imaging confirmed that the probe tin can rapidly and reliably report mitochondrial depolarization (decrement of ΔΨm) during prison cell damage caused by CCCP and H2O2 equally well as mitochondrial polarization (increment of ΔΨm) by oligomycin. Furthermore, the probe successfully detected the reduction of ΔΨm in these cell models of hypoxia, estrus damage, acidification, aging, inflammation, mitophagy, and apoptosis caused by hypoxia, heatstroke, lactate/pyruvate, doxorubicin, lipopolysaccharide, rapamycin, monensin, and nystatin, respectively.
Effects of Gas Adsorption Backdrop of an Au-Loaded Porous IniiOiii Sensor on NO2-Sensing Properties
- Taro Ueda* ,
- Inci Boehme ,
- Takeo Hyodo ,
- Yasuhiro Shimizu ,
- Udo Weimar , and
- Nicolae Barsan
ACS Sensors 2021 , 6 , 11 , 4019-4028 (Article)
Publication Date (Spider web) : Oct 25, 2021
- Abstruse
- Full text
ABSTRACT
Gas adsorption backdrop of semiconductor-type gas sensors using porous (pr-) In2O3 powders loaded with and without 0.5 wt % Au (Au/pr-In2O3 and pr-In2O3 sensors, respectively) at 100 °C were examined by using diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy, and the effect of the Au loading onto pr-In2O3 on the NO2-sensing properties were discussed in this study. We establish the following: the resistance of the Au/pr-In2O3 sensor in dry air is lower than that of the pr-In2O3 sensor; the DRIFT spectra of both the sensors testify a broad positive band between 1600 and yard cm–1 in dry air (reference: in dry N2 at 100 °C), which mainly originates from oxygen adsorbates and/or lattice oxygen, and that this band is much larger for the Au/pr-In2O3 sensor than for the pr-In2O3 sensor; the Au loading also increases the adsorption corporeality of Water and the reactivity of NO2 on the pr-In2O3 surface; and the NO2 response of the Au/pr-In2O3 sensor in dry out air is marginally higher than that of the pr-In2O3 sensor in the examined concentration range of NO2 (0.6–5 ppm) in dry air. The obtained results strongly support the enhancement of the NO2 adsorption onto the pr-In2O3 surface by Au loading, which contributed to the improvement of the NO2-sensing backdrop.
Stimuli-Induced Upgrade of Nuclease-Resistant DNA Nanostructure Composed of a Unmarried Molecular Buoy for Detecting Mutant Genes
- Chang Xue ,
- Lei Wang ,
- Hong Huang ,
- Ruozhong Wang ,
- Pei Yuan* , and
- Zai-Sheng Wu*
ACS Sensors 2021 , 6 , eleven , 4029-4037 (Commodity)
Publication Date (Spider web) : November 3, 2021
- Abstruse
- Full text
Abstract
As a kind of cell-free DNA in the bloodstream liberated from tumor cells, circulating tumor DNAs (ctDNAs) have been recognized as promising biomarkers in the field of early on cancer diagnosis. However, robust, sensitive, and accurate detection of ctDNA in serum remains extremely challenging, especially toward the mutant KRAS cistron, one of the most oftentimes mutated genes. Although Deoxyribonucleic acid oligonucleotides every bit emerging applied signaling materials accept been developed every bit sensitive and accurate tools, some intrinsic defects need to be overcome, such equally fragility in complex biological environments. In this work, on the basis of the hydrophilicity-promoted assembly, a core/beat out Deoxyribonucleic acid nanostructure (DNS-MB) probe is constructed from only one hairpin-shaped probe (cholesterol-modified palindromic molecular buoy, Chol-PMB) for the amplification detection of KRAS mutation in serum without the demand for any auxiliary probe. Chol-PMB is designed to recognize target DNA and serve equally a polymerization primer and template, and thus target species can initiate polymerization-based strand deportation amplification (SDA). Moreover, target DNA is able to induce further assemblage of DNS-MB particles due to the enzymatic cross-linking effect, leading to a structural upgrade. The DNS-MB probe exhibits a detection limit of 50 fM and a broad quantitative range (from l fM to 160 nM). In addition, single nucleotide polymorphisms can be discriminated, such every bit mutant KRAS G12D (KRAS-K), providing a desirable platform for screening ctDNAs. More excitingly, because the termini of Deoxyribonucleic acid components are hidden inwards from nuclease attack, DNS-MB circumvents a false-positive signal even in freshly sampled serum and is suitable for application in the complex biological milieu. Every bit a proof of concept, the DNS-MB probe is expected to provide useful insight into the evolution of elementary and deposition-resistant Dna probes for substantially amplified detection of ctDNAs in complex serum, showing potential applications in the field of early tumor diagnosis.
Programmable-Printing Paper-Based Device with a MoS2 NP and Gmp/Eu-Cit Fluorescence Couple for Ratiometric Tetracycline Assay in Various Natural Samples
- Zongbao Sun ,
- Yunlong Gao ,
- Zeng Niu ,
- Haodong Pan ,
- Xuechao Xu ,
- Wen Zhang* , and
- Xiaobo Zou
ACS Sensors 2021 , 6 , 11 , 4038-4047 (Article)
Publication Date (Web) : October 21, 2021
- Abstruse
- Full text
ABSTRACT
Paper-based fluorescence devices, with smartphone aids, bring considerable operation convenience for tetracycline (TC) sensing. Notwithstanding, they must come across the claiming in real conclusion confronting complicated backgrounds. Because that, nosotros present a programmable-printing paper-based device and then apply it to TC determination for various natural samples. MoS2 NPs and Gmp/Eu-Cit are synthetized as composite probes. A static quenching process is found with MoS2 NP fluorescence at 430 nm, while significant magnification of Gmp/Eu-Cit emission is obtained at 617 nm, establishing a valuable ratiometric indicator. Remarkably, two-stage programmable printing maximizes the proposed sensing capability. A transitive device, containing a gradually changing amount of a certain probe, is prepared to sense TC. With a homemade smartphone application and 3D-printed measurement chamber, the respective signals are examined to explore optimal setups. These setups are automatically processed to fix the concluding-version device, non requiring transmission operations. Benefitting from this interesting feature, the proposed device gains many rewards in performances. It finer senses TC in a wide range from 12.vii nM to 80 μM and simultaneously provides naked eye-legible signals and smartphone-based readouts with confident selectivity and stability. This device is consequently applied for various samples of soil, river water, milk, and serum and meets well with HPLC–MS and recovery tests.
Rotary Valve-Assisted Fluidic Arrangement Coupling with CRISPR/Cas12a for Fully Integrated Nucleic Acrid Detection
- Hui Wu ,
- Siwenjie Qian ,
- Cheng Peng ,
- Xiaofu Wang ,
- Tingzhang Wang ,
- Xiaoping Zhong ,
- Yanju Chen ,
- Qunqing Yang ,
- Junfeng Xu* , and
- Jian Wu*
ACS Sensors 2021 , six , 11 , 4048-4056 (Article)
Publication Date (Web) : October 19, 2021
- Abstract
- Full text
Abstract
Of late, many nucleic acid assay platforms have been established, simply there is still room for constructing integrated nucleic acid detection systems with high nucleic acid extraction efficiency, depression detection toll, and convenient operation. In this piece of work, a simple rotary valve-assisted fluidic chip coupling with CRISPR/Cas12a was established to accomplish fully integrated nucleic acrid detection. All of the detection reagents were prestored on the fluidic fleck. With the assistance of the rotary valve and syringe, the liquid flow and stirring can be precisely controlled. The nucleic acid extraction, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) reaction, and CRISPR detection could be completed in eighty min. A clean reservoir and an air reservoir on the fluidic bit were designed to effectively remove the remaining ethanol. With Vibrio parahaemolyticus as the targets, the detection sensitivity of the fluidic fleck could attain 3.1 × 101 copies of target Deoxyribonucleic acid per reaction. A positive sample could be sensitively detected past CRISPR/Cas12a to produce a green fluorescent signal, while a negative sample generated no fluorescent signal. Further, the fluidic scrap was successfully applied for detection of spiked shrimp samples, which showed the same detection sensitivity. A keen feasibility for real-sample detection was showed by the fluidic fleck. The proposed detection platform did non need expensive centrifugal instruments or pumps, which displayed its potential to get a powerful tool for nutrient safety analysis and clinical diagnostics, especially in the resource-limited areas.
Microfluidic Biosensor for Rapid Nucleic Acid Quantitation Based on Hyperspectral Interferometric Amplicon-Complex Analysis
- Rongxin Fu ,
- Wenli Du ,
- Xiangyu Jin ,
- Ruliang Wang ,
- Xue Lin ,
- Ya Su ,
- Han Yang ,
- Xiaohui Shan ,
- Wenqi Lv ,
- Zhi Zheng* , and
- Guoliang Huang*
ACS Sensors 2021 , 6 , 11 , 4057-4066 (Article)
Publication Engagement (Web) : October 25, 2021
- Abstract
- Full text
Abstract
Nucleic acrid detection plays a vital role in both biomedical research and clinical medicine. The temperature circulation changes of the widely used polymerase concatenation reaction technique are time-consuming and technically challenging for organization evolution. Recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) is an isothermal method for rapid nucleic acid detection. However, electric current RPA amplicon detection methods are complicated and expensive and easily generate imitation positives, restricting the promotion of RPA techniques. In this piece of work, a hyperspectral interferometric amplicon-complex quantitation method is presented, combined with asymmetric dipole complex strategy optical handful analysis. GelRed dye was utilized to class amplicon-complex particles, and the Fourier domain spectrum ciphering contributed to complex scattering quantitation. With this method, a supporting microfluidic bit and automated system were developed to reach integrated, rapid, quantitative, and miniscule nucleic acid detection. The Plasmodium falciparum dhfr factor was utilized as an example for targeted nucleic acid quantitation and single nucleotide polymorphism detection. The total reaction time was decreased to merely 20 min, and the limit of detection was only three.17 ng/μL. The minimum measurable concentration of target was 1.68 copies/μL, 31.67 times more than sensitive than turbidity detection, and the unmarried reaction chamber was only 9.33 μL. No scattering increment occurred for template-free control, and thus, false positives caused by primer dimers and nonspecific products could be avoided. The experimental results prove that the provided method and system tin notice single-base mutations in the dhfr factor and is a reasonable technique for rapid, automated, and low-cost nucleic acid detection.
Electrochemical Capillary-Flow Immunoassay for Detecting Anti-SARS-CoV-ii Nucleocapsid Poly peptide Antibodies at the Point of Intendance
- Isabelle C. Samper ,
- Ana Sánchez-Cano ,
- Wisarut Khamcharoen ,
- Ilhoon Jang ,
- Weena Siangproh ,
- Eva Baldrich ,
- Brian J. Geiss ,
- David S. Slap-up , and
- Charles Due south. Henry*
ACS Sensors 2021 , 6 , 11 , 4067-4075 (Article)
Publication Date (Web) : Oct 25, 2021
- Abstract
- Full text
ABSTRACT
Rapid and inexpensive serological tests for SARS-CoV-ii antibodies are needed to conduct population-level seroprevalence surveillance studies and can improve diagnostic reliability when used in combination with viral tests. Here, we report a novel low-toll electrochemical capillary-flow device to quantify IgG antibodies targeting SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid proteins (anti-Northward antibody) downwardly to 5 ng/mL in low-volume (10 μL) human whole blood samples in under 20 min. No sample preparation is needed every bit the device integrates a blood-filtration membrane for on-board plasma extraction. The device is made of stacked layers of a hydrophilic polyester and double-sided adhesive films, which create a passive microfluidic circuit that automates the steps of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The sample and reagents are sequentially delivered to a nitrocellulose membrane that is modified with a recombinant SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid poly peptide. When present in the sample, anti-North antibodies are captured on the nitrocellulose membrane and detected via chronoamperometry performed on a screen-printed carbon electrode. As a result of this quantitative electrochemical readout, no outcome interpretation is required, making the device ideal for signal-of-intendance (POC) utilise by non-trained users. Moreover, we show that the device can be coupled to a near-field advice potentiostat operated from a smartphone, confirming its true POC potential. The novelty of this piece of work resides in the integration of sensitive electrochemical detection with capillary-menstruation immunoassay, providing accuracy at the point of care. This novel electrochemical capillary-menses device has the potential to aid the diagnosis of infectious diseases at the indicate of care.
Subcellular Dynamic Immunopatterning of Cytosolic Protein Complexes on Microstructured Polymer Substrates
- Roland Hager ,
- Ulrike Müller ,
- Nicole Ollinger ,
- Julian Weghuber* , and
- Peter Lanzerstorfer*
ACS Sensors 2021 , 6 , 11 , 4076-4088 (Article)
Publication Date (Spider web) : October 15, 2021
- Abstruse
- Total text
Abstract
Analysis of protein–protein interactions in living cells by protein micropatterning is currently express to the spatial arrangement of transmembrane proteins and their corresponding downstream molecules. Hither, we present a robust and straightforward method for dynamic immunopatterning of cytosolic protein complexes past use of an artificial transmembrane bait construct in combination with microstructured antibody arrays on circadian olefin polymer substrates. As a proof, the method was used to characterize Grb2-mediated signaling pathways downstream of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Ternary protein complexes (Shc1:Grb2:SOS1 and Grb2:Gab1:PI3K) were identified, and nosotros plant that EGFR downstream signaling is based on constitutively spring (Grb2:SOS1 and Grb2:Gab1) every bit well as on agonist-dependent poly peptide associations with transient interaction properties (Grb2:Shc1 and Grb2:PI3K). Spatiotemporal assay further revealed significant differences in stability and exchange kinetics of protein interactions. Furthermore, we could show that this approach is well suited to study the efficacy and specificity of SH2 and SH3 poly peptide domain inhibitors in a live cell context. Altogether, this method represents a significant enhancement of quantitative subcellular micropatterning approaches as an alternative to standard biochemical analyses.
Development of an Electrochemical Dual H2Due south/Caii+ Microsensor and Its In Vivo Application to a Rat Seizure Model
- Jaeyoung Lee ,
- Yoonyi Jeong ,
- Subin Park ,
- Minah Suh* , and
- Youngmi Lee*
ACS Sensors 2021 , half-dozen , 11 , 4089-4097 (Article)
Publication Date (Web) : October 14, 2021
- Abstruse
- Total text
Abstract
A dual electrochemical microsensor was fabricated for concurrent monitoring of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and calcium ions (Ca2+), which are closely linked important signaling species involved in diverse physiological processes. The dual sensor was prepared using a dual recessed electrode consisting of two platinum (Pt) microdisks (50 μm in diameter). Each electrode was individually optimized for the best sensing ability toward a target analyte. One electrode (WE1, amperometric H2S sensor) was modified with electrodeposition of Au and electropolymerized polyaniline blanket. The other electrode (WE2, all-solid-state Ca2+-selective electrode) was composed of Ag/AgCl onto the recessed Pt disk formed via electrodeposition/chloridation, followed by silanization and Ca2+-selective membrane loading. The electric current of WE1 and the potential of WE2 in a dual sensor responded linearly to H2S concentration and logarithm of Ca2+ concentration, respectively, without a crosstalk between the sensing signals. Both WE1 and WE2 presented excellent sensitivity, selectivity (logKH2S,iAmp≤−3.5, i = CO, NO, O2, NO2–, AP, AA, DA, and GABA; and logKCa2+,jPot≤−3.2, j = Na+, Thou+, and Mg2+), and fast response time with reasonable stability (during ca. vi h in vivo experiment). Specially, WE2 prepared using a mixture of two ionophores (ETH1001 and ETH129) and 2 plasticizers (2-nitrophenyl octyl ether and bis(ii-ethylhexyl) sebacate) showed a very shortened response time (tR to reach the ΔE/Δt gradient of 0.6 mV/min = 3.0 ± 0.two south, n ≥ x), a critically required factor for real-fourth dimension analysis. The developed sensor was utilized for simultaneous real-fourth dimension monitoring of H2S and Ca2+ changes at the brain cortex surface of a living rat during spontaneous epileptic seizures induced by a cortical iv-aminopyridine injection. The dynamic changes of H2S and Ca2+ were clearly observed in an intimate correlation with the electrophysiological recording of seizures, demonstrating the sensor feasibility of in vivo and real-fourth dimension simultaneous measurements of H2S and Ca2+.
SARS-CoV-2-Impedimetric Biosensor: Virus-Imprinted Chips for Early and Rapid Diagnosis
- Heba A. Hussein ,
- Ahmed Kandeil ,
- Mokhtar Gomaa ,
- Rasha Mohamed El Nashar ,
- Ibrahim One thousand. El-Sherbiny , and
- Rabeay Y. A. Hassan*
ACS Sensors 2021 , 6 , 11 , 4098-4107 (Article)
Publication Date (Web) : November 10, 2021
- Abstract
- Total text
ABSTRACT
Due to the current global SARS-CoV-two pandemic, rapid and accurate diagnostic tools are needed to foreclose the spread of COVID-19 across the globe. An electrochemical sensing platform was constructed using CNTs/WO3-screen printed electrodes for imprinting the complete virus particles (SARS-CoV-ii particles) within the polymeric matrix to create viral complementary binding sites. The sensor provided loftier selectivity toward the target virus over other tested homo corona and influenza respiratory interference viruses. The sensitivity operation of the sensor chips was evaluated using different viral concentrations, while the limits of detection and quantification were 57 and 175 pg/mL, respectively. Reaching this satisfied low detection limit (well-nigh 27-fold more sensitive than the RT-PCR), the sensor was practical in clinical specimens obtained from SARS-CoV-ii suspected cases. Thus, dealing directly with clinical samples on the bit could be provided as a portable device for instantaneous and simple indicate of care in hospitals, airports, and hotspots.
Flexible Tongue Electrode Array Organization for In Vivo Mapping of Electric Signals of Taste Awareness
- Shuang Huang ,
- Tao Zhang ,
- Hongbo Li ,
- Mingyue Zhang ,
- Xingxing Liu ,
- Dongxin Xu ,
- Hao Wang ,
- Zhiran Shen ,
- Qianni Wu ,
- Jun Tao ,
- Wenhao Xia* ,
- Xi Xie* , and
- Fanmao Liu*
ACS Sensors 2021 , 6 , 11 , 4108-4117 (Article)
Publication Appointment (Spider web) : November x, 2021
- Abstract
- Total text
Abstract
Natural language is a unique organ that senses tastes, and the scientific puzzle near whether electricity can evoke taste sensations and how the sensations take been distributed on the tongue has not been solved. Investigations on tongue stimulation past electricity might benefit the developments of techniques for clinical neuromodulation, tissue activation, and a brain–tongue–machine interface. To solve the scientific puzzle of whether electric stimulation induces taste-related sensations, a portable flexible natural language electrode array system (FTEAS) was developed, which tin synchronously provide electric stimulation and signal mapping at each zone of the natural language. Utilizing the FTEAS to perform tests on the rat tongue in vivo, specific electric signals were observed to exist evoked by chemical and electrical stimulations. The features and distributions of the electric signals evoked during the rat tongue tests were systematically studied and comprehensively analyzed. The results testify that an advisable electrical stimulation can induce multiple sensations simultaneously, while the distribution of each sensation was not significantly distinguished among different zones of the natural language, and at the aforementioned time, this taste-related electric betoken can be recorded by the FTEAS. This piece of work establishes a promising platform to solve the scientific puzzle of how sensations are activated chemically and electrically on the natural language and may provide advanced noninvasive oral-electrotherapy and a encephalon–tongue–machine interface.
Crystalline-to-Amorphous Phase Transformation in CuO Nanowires for Gaseous Ionization and Sensing Application
- Hai Liu ,
- Haoyu Zhang ,
- Wenhuan Zhu ,
- Maolin Bo , and
- Tingting Zhao*
ACS Sensors 2021 , 6 , eleven , 4118-4125 (Article)
Publication Date (Web) : Oct 27, 2021
- Abstract
- Full text
Abstract
We report a dramatic reduction of operation voltage of a CuO nanowire-based ionization gas sensor due to the crystalline-to-baggy stage transformation. The structural change is attributed to the ion bombardment and heating effect during the initial discharge, which brings about the germination of arable nanocrystallites and surface states favoring gaseous ionization. The gas-sensing properties of the CuO nanowire sensor are confirmed by differentiating various types or concentrations of volatile organic compounds diluted in nitrogen, with a low detection limit at the ppm level. Moreover, a sensing mechanism is proposed on the ground of charge redistribution by electron-gas collision related to the specific ionization energy. The insightful study of the electrode microstructure delivers an exploratory investigation to the effect of gas ionization toward the belch system, which provides new approaches to develop advanced ionization gas sensors.
Dense Packed Drivable Optrode Array for Precise Optical Stimulation and Neural Recording in Multiple-Brain Regions
- Longchun Wang ,
- Chaofan Ge ,
- Fang Wang ,
- Zhejun Guo ,
- Wen Hong ,
- Chunpeng Jiang ,
- Bowen Ji ,
- Minghao Wang ,
- Chengyu Li ,
- Bomin Lord's day , and
- Jingquan Liu*
ACS Sensors 2021 , vi , 11 , 4126-4135 (Article)
Publication Date (Spider web) : November 15, 2021
- Abstract
- Full text
Abstruse
The input–output function of neural networks is complicated due to the huge number of neurons and synapses, and some loftier-density implantable electrophysiology recording tools with a plane structure take been adult for neural excursion studies in recent years. However, traditional plane probes are limited by the record-merely function and inability to monitor multiple-brain regions simultaneously, and the complete cognition of neural networks yet has a long way away. Herein, we develop a 3-dimensional (3D) high-density drivable optrode array for multiple-brain recording and precise optical stimulation simultaneously. The optrode array contains iv-layer probes with 1024 microelectrodes and two thinned optical fibers assembled into a 3D-printed drivable module. The recording performance of microelectrodes is optimized by electrochemical modification, and precise implantation depth control of drivable optrodes is verified in agar. Moreover, in vivo experiments signal neural activities from CA1 and dentate gyrus regions are monitored, and a tracking of the neuron firing for 2 weeks is achieved. The suppression of neuron firing by blue low-cal has been realized through high-density optrodes during optogenetics experiments. With the feature of large-scale recording, optoelectronic integration, and 3D assembly, the loftier-density drivable optrode array possesses an important value in the research of brain diseases and neural networks.
On-Bit Optical Anodic Stripping with Closed Bipolar Cells and Cathodic Electrochemiluminescence Reporting
- Jeronimo Miranda ,
- Nicholas Humphrey ,
- Rowan Kinney ,
- Riley O'Sullivan ,
- Bradley Thomas ,
- Ivan Elias Mondaca Medina ,
- Ryan Freedman , and
- Eli Fahrenkrug*
ACS Sensors 2021 , half-dozen , eleven , 4136-4144 (Article)
Publication Date (Web) : October 26, 2021
- Abstract
- Full text
Abstract
The aim of this work was to develop a simple, accessible, and bespeak-of-use sensor to measure heavy metallic ions in h2o in depression-resource areas that cannot accommodate expensive or technical solutions. This study describes a new bipolar electrochemical sensor platform that reimagines conventional anodic stripping voltammetry in a wireless bipolar format with an optical electrochemiluminescent readout that can be quantified with any simple optical sensor like that found on most modern cell telephone cameras. We phone call this technique as optical anodic stripping. Using a new nonlithographic fabrication process, devices could be produced rapidly and simply at <$1/sensor. The sensing scheme was developed, characterized, and optimized using electrochemical and optical methods. Quantitation of Pb2+ in both lab and natural h2o samples was rapid (2–3 min), accurate, precise, and highly linear in the 25–1000 ppb range and was shown to be sufficiently selective in the presence of other common heavy metallic ions such every bit Cu2+, Cd2+, and Zn2+.
An Analysis of a Highly Sensitive and Selective Hydrogen Gas Sensor Based on a 3D Cu-Doped SnO2 Sensing Material by Efficient Electronic Sensor Interface
- Sihyeok Kim ,
- Gurpreet Singh ,
- Mintaek oh , and
- Keekeun Lee*
ACS Sensors 2021 , 6 , 11 , 4145-4155 (Article)
Publication Engagement (Web) : November 4, 2021
- Abstract
- Full text
Abstract
In this research, a highly sensitive and selective hydrogen gas sensor was developed based on Cu-doped SnO2. Sensing characteristics were compared based on SnO2 doped with different concentrations of Cu, and the highest sensitivity and fastest response time were shown when 3% Cu was independent. A 3D structure was formed using a polystyrene to increment the surface-to-volume ratio, which allows more oxygen molecules to bail with the surface of the SnO2 sensing fabric. Extremely increased sensitivity was observed as compared to the planar construction. A temperature sensor and micro-heater were integrated into the sensor, and the surface temperature was maintained constant regardless of external influences. In addition, an electronic sensor interface was developed for the efficient analysis of real-fourth dimension data. The developed sensor was wire-bonded to the flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) cablevision and connected with the sensor interface. Sensitivity and linearity measured based on the developed sensor and interface organisation were analyzed as 0.286%/ppm and 0.98, respectively, which were most similar to the results observed past a digital multimeter (DMM). This indicates that our developed sensor organization can exist a very promising candidate for real-fourth dimension measurement and can exist practical in various fields. The enhanced sensitivity of 3% doped SnO2 toward hydrogen is attributed to the huge number of oxygen vacancies in the doped sample.
Hybrid-Flexible Bimodal Sensing Wearable Glove Arrangement for Complex Hand Gesture Recognition
- Jieming Pan* ,
- Yida Li ,
- Yuxuan Luo ,
- Xiangyu Zhang ,
- Xinghua Wang ,
- David Liang Tai Wong ,
- Chun-Huat Heng ,
- Chen-Khong Tham , and
- Aaron Voon-Yew Thean*
ACS Sensors 2021 , half dozen , 11 , 4156-4166 (Article)
Publication Date (Web) : Nov ii, 2021
- Abstract
- Full text
ABSTRACT
As 5G advice technology allows for speedier access to extended information and cognition, a more than sophisticated human–automobile interface beyond touchscreens and keyboards is necessary to improve the communication bandwidth and overcome the interfacing barrier. However, the full extent of homo interaction beyond operation dexterity, spatial awareness, sensory feedback, and collaborative capability to be replicated completely remains a challenge. Here, we demonstrate a hybrid-flexible vesture system, consisting of uncomplicated bimodal capacitive sensors and a customized low power interface circuit integrated with machine learning algorithms, to accurately recognize complex gestures. The 16 channel sensor array extracts spatial and temporal information of the finger movement (deformation) and hand location (proximity) simultaneously. Using machine learning, over 99 and 91% accuracy are achieved for user-contained static and dynamic gesture recognition, respectively. Our approach proves that an extremely simple bimodal sensing platform that identifies local interactions and perceives spatial context meantime, is crucial in the field of sign communication, remote robotics, and smart manufacturing.
Discriminating BTX Molecules past the Nonselective Metal Oxide Sensor-Based Smart Sensing Arrangement
- Hongyu Liu ,
- Gang Meng* ,
- Zanhong Deng ,
- Kazuki Nagashima ,
- Shimao Wang ,
- Tiantian Dai ,
- Liang Li* ,
- Takeshi Yanagida , and
- Xiaodong Fang*
ACS Sensors 2021 , 6 , xi , 4167-4175 (Article)
Publication Appointment (Web) : Nov four, 2021
- Abstruse
- Full text
Abstract
Discriminating structurally similar volatile organic compounds (VOCs) molecules, such as benzene, toluene, and three xylene isomers (BTX), remains a meaning claiming, peculiarly, for metallic oxide semiconductor (MOS) sensors, in which selectivity is a long-standing challenge. Recent progress indicates that temperature modulation of a single MOS sensor offers a powerful route in extracting the features of adsorbed gas analytes than conventional isothermal functioning. Herein, a rectangular heating waveform is practical on NiO-, WO3-, and SnO2-based sensors to gradually activate the specific gas/oxide interfacial redox reaction and generate rich (electrical) features of adsorbed BTX molecules. Upon several signal preprocessing steps, the intrinsic feature of BTX molecules tin can be extracted past the linear discrimination analysis (LDA) or convolutional neural network (CNN) analysis. The combination of three distinct MOS sensors noticeably benefits the recognition accuracy (with a reduced number of training iterations). Finally, a epitome of a smart BTX recognition system (including sensing electronics, sensors, Wi-Fi module, UI, PC, etc.) based on temperature modulation has been explored, which enables a prompt, authentic, and stable identification of xylene isomers in the ambient air groundwork and raises the hope of innovating the future avant-garde machine olfactory organization.
A Valve-Enabled Sample Preparation Device with Isothermal Amplification for Multiplexed Virus Detection at the Betoken-of-Care
- Carlos Manzanas ,
- Dr.. Mahbubul Alam ,
- Julia C. Loeb ,
- John A. Lednicky ,
- Chang-Yu Wu , and
- Z. Hugh Fan*
ACS Sensors 2021 , 6 , 11 , 4176-4184 (Article)
Publication Appointment (Web) : November 12, 2021
- Abstract
- Full text
ABSTRACT
Early and authentic detection of severe astute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and influenza viruses at the point-of-care is crucial for reducing disease transmission during the current pandemic and future flu seasons. To prepare for potential cocirculation of these two viruses, we report a valve-enabled, paper-based sample training device integrated with isothermal distension for their simultaneous detection. The device incorporates (one) virus lysis and RNA enrichment, enabled past ball-based valves for sequential delivery of reagents with no pipet requirement, (ii) reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification, carried out in a coffee mug, and (3) colorimetric detection. We accept used the device for simultaneously detecting inactivated SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A H1N1 viruses in 50 min, with limits of detection at ii and 6 genome equivalents, respectively. The device was further demonstrated to detect both viruses in environmental samples.
Extremely Sensitive Molecularly Imprinted ECL Sensor with Multiple Probes Released from Liposomes Immobilized by a Light-Triggered Click Reaction
- Guangyan Liu ,
- Jun Ling , and
- Jianping Li*
ACS Sensors 2021 , half-dozen , 11 , 4185-4192 (Article)
Publication Date (Web) : October 18, 2021
- Abstract
- Full text
ABSTRACT
A molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence sensor was prepared for sensitive and selective decision of aminotriazole via a novel strategy of multiple Ru(bpy)3Cl2 probes released from liposomes immobilized past a calorie-free-triggered click reaction. This sensing strategy provides a platform for trace detection of amino-containing pesticides. The target on the molecularly imprinted membrane connected to the Ru(bpy)3Cl2-encapsulated liposomes via the click reaction. Afterward the destabilizing agent Triton 10-100 was added, numerous Ru(bpy)3Cl2 molecules were released past liposomes on the molecularly imprinted polymer electrode. The ECL response of the sensor was linearly proportional to the logarithm of the aminotriazole concentration ranging from five.00 × 10–18 to 1.00 × ten–12 mol/L, and the detection limit was 1.15 × x–18 mol/Fifty. The sensitivity of the detection was significantly improved, and the analysis process was simplified.
A Rationally and Computationally Designed Fluorescent Biosensor for d-Serine
- Vanessa Vongsouthi ,
- Jason H. Whitfield ,
- Petr Unichenko ,
- Joshua A. Mitchell ,
- Björn Breithausen ,
- Olga Khersonsky ,
- Leon Kremers ,
- Harald Janovjak ,
- Hiromu Monai ,
- Hajime Hirase ,
- Sarel J. Fleishman ,
- Christian Henneberger* , and
- Colin J. Jackson*
ACS Sensors 2021 , vi , xi , 4193-4205 (Article)
Publication Date (Web) : November 16, 2021
- Abstruse
- Full text
Abstract
Solute-binding proteins (SBPs) have evolved to rest the demands of ligand affinity, thermostability, and conformational change to accomplish various functions in small molecule transport, sensing, and chemotaxis. Although the ligand-induced conformational changes that occur in SBPs make them useful components in biosensors, they are challenging targets for poly peptide engineering and pattern. Here, we have engineered a d-alanine-specific SBP into a fluorescence biosensor with specificity for the signaling molecule d-serine (D-serFS). This was achieved through binding site and remote mutations that improved affinity (KD = vi.7 ± 0.five μM), specificity (forty-fold increase vs glycine), thermostability (Tm = 79 °C), and dynamic range (∼14%). This sensor immune measurement of physiologically relevant changes in d-serine concentration using two-photon excitation fluorescence microscopy in rat brain hippocampal slices. This work illustrates the functional merchandise-offs betwixt poly peptide dynamics, ligand affinity, and thermostability and how these must be counterbalanced to attain desirable activities in the applied science of complex, dynamic proteins.
Real-Time 3D Framework Tracing of Extracellular Polymeric Substances by an AIE-Active Nanoprobe
- Neng Yan ,
- Yubing Hu ,
- Ben Zhong Tang* , and
- Wen-Xiong Wang*
ACS Sensors 2021 , six , 11 , 4206-4216 (Article)
Publication Date (Web) : November 5, 2021
- Abstract
- Full text
Abstruse
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are produced by many microorganisms and play an essential function in physiological systems such as food storage and stress resistance. Also, EPS evidence great potential in biomedical and therapeutic applications due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability. In situ noninvasive monitoring of the EPS produced past microorganisms is thus disquisitional but has not even so been achieved. Herein, nosotros developed a novel aggregation-induced emission (AIE) active nanoprobe enabling in situ visualization of the EPS distribution produced past various microorganisms (cyanobacteria, yeast, freshwater, and marine phytoplankton). The synthesized AIE-active nanoprobe displayed excellent specificity and precision for the staining of EPS, as well every bit potent photostability, showing bully advantage in sensing the EPS in living organisms. With the awarding of this novel probe, the three-dimensional (3D) framework of EPS distribution was visualized nether dissimilar environmental conditions (temperature, light intensity, nutrition, and pH). The EPS distribution was plant to correlate significantly with the metal tolerance and cyanobacterial photosynthesis capability. Collectively, this report proposed an AIE-agile nanoprobe for visualizing the EPS distribution and quantifying the EPS thickness/volume, and has significant implications in understanding the physiological functions of microorganisms.
Advanced Recovery and High-Sensitive Backdrop of Memristor-Based Gas Sensor Devices Operated at Room Temperature
- Doowon Lee ,
- Min Ju Yun ,
- Kyeong Heon Kim ,
- Sungho kim , and
- Hee-Dong Kim*
ACS Sensors 2021 , six , xi , 4217-4224 (Article)
Publication Date (Web) : Nov 16, 2021
- Abstract
- Full text
ABSTRACT
Fast recovery, high sensitivity, high selectivity, and room temperature (RT) sensing characteristics of NO gas sensors are essential for environmental monitoring, artificial intelligence, and inflammatory diagnosis of asthma patients. Withal, the conventional semiconductor-type gas sensors have poor sensing characteristics that need to be solved, such as boring recovery speeds (>360 south), depression sensitivity (3.8), and high operating temperatures (>300 °C). We propose here a memristor-based NO gas sensor every bit a gasistor (gas sensor + retentiveness resistor) with SnO2, Ta2O5, and HfO2 films, which successfully demonstrated the feasibility of fast reaction/recovery (<1 s/90 ns) and high sensitivities such equally eleven.66 and 5.22 in Ta2O5 and HfO2 gasistors for NO gas, at RT. Furthermore, so as to reinforce the selectivity in multigas ambience, nosotros propose a parallel circuit using three kinds of gasistors having different sensitivities for NO, O2, and C2H6 gases, which results in an improvement of selectivity for the selected gas at RT.
A Dual-Command Strategy by Phosphate Ions and Local Microviscosity for Tracking Adenosine Triphosphate Metabolism in Mitochondria and Cellular Activity Dynamically
- Peng Zhang ,
- Xinjie Guo ,
- Jian Gao ,
- Haihong Liu ,
- Chenyang Wan ,
- Jiajia Li ,
- Qian Zhang* ,
- Yuqing Song , and
- Caifeng Ding*
ACS Sensors 2021 , 6 , 11 , 4225-4233 (Article)
Publication Date (Web) : October 28, 2021
- Abstruse
- Full text
ABSTRACT
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) acts equally the main energy source for growth and development in organisms, and the disorder reflects the mitochondrial damage to a large extent. Therefore, an efficient tool for the evaluation of the ATP metabolic level is important to track mitochondrial health, providing an additional perspective for an in-depth long-term study on living activities. Herein, a twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) framework is utilized to build up a sensitive receptor, Mito-VP, with a negligible background to target mitochondrial ATP metabolism by monitoring the phosphate ion (Pi) level upon ATP hydrolysis under the overall consideration of the structural and functional features of mitochondria. The responsive fluorescence could be lighted on nether the dual control of Pi and local microviscosity, and the 2 steps of ATP hydrolysis could be captured through fluorescence. In addition to the well-behaved mitochondrial targeting, the free energy metabolism at cellular and organism levels has been clarified via mitosis and zebrafish development, respectively.
Three-Dimensional Tracking of Tethered Particles for Probing Nanometer-Calibration Unmarried-Molecule Dynamics Using a Plasmonic Microscope
- Guangzhong Ma ,
- Zijian Wan ,
- Yunze Yang ,
- Wenwen Jing , and
- Shaopeng Wang*
ACS Sensors 2021 , 6 , 11 , 4234-4243 (Commodity)
Publication Date (Web) : November 17, 2021
- Abstruse
- Full text
ABSTRACT
Three-dimensional (3D) tracking of surface-tethered single particles reveals the dynamics of the molecular tether. However, most 3D tracking techniques lack precision, especially in the axial direction, for measuring the dynamics of biomolecules with a spatial scale of several nanometers. Here, we present a plasmonic imaging technique that tin track the movement of ∼100 tethered particles in 3D simultaneously with sub-nanometer axial precision and unmarried-digit nanometer lateral precision at millisecond time resolution. By tracking the 3D coordinates of a tethered particle with loftier spatial resolution, nosotros are able to determine the dynamics of single short DNA and study its interaction with enzymes. Nosotros further show that the particle motion blueprint can be used to identify specific and nonspecific interactions in immunoassays. We anticipate that our 3D tracking technique can contribute to the agreement of molecular dynamics and interactions at the single-molecule level.
Label-Gratis Imaging of Nanoscale Displacements and Free-Energy Profiles of Focal Adhesions with Plasmonic Handful Microscopy
- Pengfei Zhang ,
- Xinyu Zhou ,
- Rui Wang ,
- Jiapei Jiang ,
- Zijian Wan , and
- Shaopeng Wang*
ACS Sensors 2021 , half-dozen , 11 , 4244-4254 (Article)
Publication Engagement (Web) : October 28, 2021
- Abstruse
- Total text
Abstract
Cell adhesion plays a critical role in cell communication, prison cell migration, cell proliferation, and integration of medical implants with tissues. Focal adhesions physically link the cell cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix, simply it remains challenging to image single focal adhesions directly. Here, we show that plasmonic handful microscopy (PSM) can directly image the single focal adhesions in a label-complimentary, real-time, and not-invasive manner with sub-micrometer spatial resolution. PSM is adult based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) microscopy, and the evanescent illumination makes it allowed to the interference of intracellular structures. Different the conventional SPR microscopy, PSM can provide a high indicate-to-noise ratio and sub-micrometer spatial resolution for imaging the analytes with size downwards to a single-molecule level, thus allowing both the super-resolution lateral localization for measuring the nanoscale displacement and precise tracking of vertical distances between the analyte centroid and the sensor surface for analysis of gratis-energy profiles. PSM imaging of the RBL-2H3 jail cell with temporal resolution down to microseconds shows that the focal adhesions take random diffusion behaviors in addition to their directional movements during the antibody-mediated activation process. The free-energy mapping likewise shows a similar motion trend, indicating that the jail cell may change its morphology upon varying the bounden conditions of adhesive structures. PSM provides insights into the individual focal adhesion activities and can likewise serve as a promising tool for investigating the cell/surface interactions, such as cell capture and detection and tissue adhesive materials screening.
Bimodal Multiplexed Detection of Tumor Markers in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with Polymer Dot-Based Immunoassay
- Yu-Chi Yang ,
- Ming-Ho Liu ,
- Shun-Mao Yang* , and
- Yang-Hsiang Chan*
ACS Sensors 2021 , 6 , eleven , 4255-4264 (Article)
Publication Date (Web) : November 17, 2021
- Abstract
- Full text
Abstract
Semiconducting polymer nanoparticles (Pdots) have been demonstrated to be a promising class of probes for use in fluorometric immunochromatographic test strips (ICTS). The advantages of Pdots in ICTSs include ultrahigh brightness, minimal nonspecific adsorption, and multicolor availability, which together contribute to the loftier sensitivity, good specificity, and multiplexing ability. These unique properties can therefore circumvent several significant challenges of commercial ICTSs, including insufficient specificity/sensitivity and difficulty in quantitative and multiplexed detection. Here, we developed a colorimetric and fluorescent bimodal readout ICTS based on aureate-Pdot nanohybrids for the decision of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA 21-1) expressed abnormally in human blood of non-minor-cell lung cancer (NSCLS). The vivid color from Au nanomaterials can be used for rapid qualitative screening (colorimetry) in xv min, while the bright fluorescence of Pdots is ideal for the advanced quantitative measurements of CEA and CYFRA21-i concentrations in whole claret samples. This bimodal ICTS platform possesses phenomenal detection sensitivity of 0.07 and 0.12 ng/mL for CYFRA21-1 and CEA, respectively. The accuracy and reliability of this ICTS platform were farther evaluated with clinical serum samples from NSCLS patients at different stages, showing good consistency with the results from electrochemiluminescence immunoassay.
Additions & Corrections
Correction to "Devices for Nanoscale Guiding of DNA through a 2nd Nanopore"
- David J. Niedzwiecki* ,
- Brian DiPaolo ,
- Chih-Yuan Lin ,
- Alice Castan ,
- Rachael Keneipp ,
- Dimitri Monos , and
- Marija Drndić*
ACS Sensors 2021 , 6 , 11 , 4265 (Addition/Correction)
Publication Date (Spider web) : October xv, 2021
- Total text
Mastheads
Source: https://pubs.acs.org/toc/ascefj/6/11
0 Response to "Heatstroke in Small Animal Medicine a Clinical Practice Review"
Post a Comment